In this POR process, the roles of Government institutions in financing and utilization of conservation areas mapped out. In terms of policy, threats to biodiversity still require supporting laws and regulations. Policy analysis reveals laws and regulations that have a negative impact on biodiversity and laws and regulations needed to support biodiversity conservation. Considering policy and institutional context in Indonesia, following are the key recommendation for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of natural resources:

• Use policy mix and proactive measures; 
• Synchronize of various biodiversity policies and institutions to ensure effective and efficient implementation for biodiversity protection and utilization 
• Appropriate special management institution for biodiversity conservation and utilization at national level and endorsed by government regulation

Biodiversity finance solutions have the potential to unlock a better future for people and the planet, but they can only work when partners from all levels come together. This collection of 11 stories demonstrates the power and sheer variety of biodiversity finance solutions being implemented across the world.

Each story, authored by a partner working alongside UNDP-BIOFIN, offers an insight into how biodiversity finance solutions help put us on a path to a nature-positive future. From community leaders to mayors, from national park Directors to government partners, the authors speak to the power of biodiversity finance solutions and how they are protect and restore nature while also boosting economies more sustainably.  

From late 2021 to early 2022, UNDP, with funding from the Government of Italy, conducted a study of five emerging economies (Indonesia, India, Mexico, Zambia, and Costa Rica) with a view to assessing their readiness for nature-related disclosures.

The studies were based on ten questions and data collected through interviews and questionnaires with regulators and supervisors, complemented by desk reviews. At the country level, the studies were led by UNDP-BIOFIN (Biodiversity Finance Initiative) country teams. This report presents a summary of results to offer decision-makers and experts insights into the practical application of nature-related disclosures. 

The Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN) factsheet outlines a global partnership that helps countries address biodiversity financing gaps through a structured methodology to measure current spending, assess future financial needs, and develop practical finance solutions. In Indonesia—one of the world’s mega-biodiverse countries—BIOFIN supports the implementation of the IBSAP and Aichi Targets by strengthening the national biodiversity financing framework through five core components: Policy and Institutional Review (PIR), Biodiversity Expenditure Review (BER), Finance Needs Assessment, Biodiversity Finance Plan, and implementation of the finance plan. Led by the Fiscal Policy Agency of the Ministry of Finance and coordinated with key institutions such as Bappenas and Ministry of Environment and Forestry, the initiative has produced key analyses showing strong government commitment but also highlighting declining budget ratios and the need for better policy alignment and enforcement. Active from November 2013 to November 2018, BIOFIN Indonesia also contributed to environmental economic policy development and played a recognized national focal role under the Convention on Biological Diversity framework.