As the 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) takes place in Belem, Brazil, Indonesia has taken a historic step forward in its climate resilience journey. On 13 November 2025, the country through its Ministry of Environment (MoE) submitted the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) 2026 – 2030, On the Pathway Toward 2035 to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The plan, described as forward-looking, inclusive and integrative, lays out how Indonesia hopes to strengthen resilience over the next decade and beyond.

The NAP operationalises the adaptation ambitions outlined in the Enhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (ENDC, 2022) and the Second NDC (SNDC, 2025). It is fully aligned with Indonesia’s long-term (RPJPN 2025–2045) and mid-term development plans (RPJMN 2025–2029), ensuring that adaptation is built into national development priorities. It operates in five sectors of priority on Health, Water, Food, Energy, and Ecosystem, projected to be significantly affected by climate change within the country.  

One way to understand the significance of this step is to see it in the context of Indonesia’s gradual, steady progress on adaptation over recent years. Since 2020, the Climate Resilience Development (CRD) policy has pushed ministries and local governments to consider climate risks in sectoral planning. The Climate Budget Tagging (CBT) system, now used across different levels of government, helps track public spending on climate-related actions. The country has also advanced gender-responsive climate policy through the National Action Plan on Gender and Climate Change (RAN GPI). In this respect, the NAP acted as a means of binding by consolidating all existing policies, instruments, and initiatives to demonstrate the country’s commitment to adaptation to the international community.  

UNDP has supported the Government of Indonesia throughout this process as part of its long-standing role in strengthening national adaptation systems. Through Green Climate Fund (GCF) support for NAP Readiness, UNDP contributed to the technical formulation of the plan and helped enhance tools such as the CRD policy, the SIDIK vulnerability index, and the Climate Budget Tagging system. At the local level, the programme also helped develop an integrated ecosystem- and gender-responsive adaptation model in Wakatobi District.

A notable feature of the NAP is its emphasis on inclusion. Women, youth, children, persons with disabilities, and other vulnerable groups were engaged during consultations, ensuring that their perspectives and needs were reflected in the document, and their contributions were recognised. The integration of RAN GPI into the NAP framework reinforces the government’s intention to ensure that adaptation policies account for unequal climate impacts.  

In the inevitable era of digital transformation, NAP recognises the essential role of digital systems in supporting adaptation planning and implementation. Several key platforms form the backbone of this approach:  

• SIDIK (Vulnerability Index Data and Information System) provides vulnerability data that serves as the foundation for formulating national and sub-national adaptation priorities,
• Climate Budget Tagging (CBT) System tracks climate-related public spending and highlights gaps between required resources and actual investment,
• SRN (National Registry System) records adaptation actions implemented across the country, ensuring transparency and traceability, and
• AKSARA Monitoring System monitors the implementation and impacts of climate resilience measures supported through public investment.

Together, the integration of these adaptation-related digital systems can significantly improve coordination, evidence-based decision-making, and the overall pace of adaptation implementation.  

The submission of the NAP is a significant step, but implementation will be the real test. Effective coordination across ministries, stronger provincial and district-level capacity, and sustained financing will be essential. Many adaptation measures need to happen at the local level, where climate impacts are most directly felt.

From a development perspective, the NAP reflects steady progress in how Indonesia anticipates climate risks. It also aligns closely with the Government’s Asta Cita number 8 on environmental and cultural harmony, which calls for development that protects the environment, values diversity, and strengthens social well-being. The true success of the NAP will be its ability to turn these principles into tangible improvements in resilience, particularly for communities already experiencing the daily impacts of a warming climate. 

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Please visit the following website: https://unfccc.int/documents/653857 to read the Indonesian National Adaptation Pan.  

UNDP as a trusted development partner consistently supports the Government of Indonesia to pursue its ambition on climate adaptation. Through the implementation of the Green Climate Fund (GCF) Funds for NAP, UNDP not only supported the formulation of the NAP, but also supports the enhancement and updates of Climate Resilience Development, SIDIK, and CBT system. The project also builds an integrated model of ecosystem and GESI based adaptation plan in Wakatobi district.