Overview

The Biennial Transparency Reports (BTR) are a cornerstone of the Paris Agreement’s Enhanced Transparency Framework, designed to ensure that all countries track and report on their climate progress in a consistent, science-based manner, submitted every two years to show what each country is doing to fight climate change.

Egypt’s BTR project is led by the Ministry of Environment, in collaboration with the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) and with support from Green Environment Facility (GEF) andthe United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The project provides robust, gender-responsive data on climate actions and financial needs to guide informed policy and international cooperation. 

What is the BTR?

• Through its BTRs, Egypt reports every two years on:
• Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reduction efforts.
• Tracking progress in implementing Egypt’s NDC targets under Article 4 of the Paris Agreement.
• Adaptation measures to protect vulnerable communities, nature and ecosystems, including loss and damage, from climate impacts.
• Support received and needs for climate action to move forward.

Project Objectives

• Submit Egypt’s 1^st BTR (December 2024) and 2^nd BTR + 5^th National Communication (by December 2026) including:
• Update the GHG inventory (1990–2022) for BTR1 and (1990 – 2024) for BTR2 across key sectors - a full picture of emissions since 1990
• Track NDC progress with a gender-responsive, data-driven approach
• Assessment of support received and needs
• Strengthen Egypt’s Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) System
• Enhance institutional coordination across climate-relevant ministries and agencies, to streamline climate action

Key Facts

• GHG inventory updated for 1994–2022 across energy, transport, waste, and agriculture sectors
• National ETF system is currently under development

Egypt’s 2030 NDC targets include:
  • 37% emissions cut in the electricity sector
  • 65% in oil and gas
  • 7% in transport

• Total climate finance needs by 2030: $246 billion
    • $50 billion for adaptation (protecting people and nature)
    • $196 billion for mitigation (cutting emissions)

Did You Know?

• Egypt’s BTRs are aligned with its Green Transition Strategy and Vision 2030.
• The project includes a strong focus on gender equality, empowering women in climate decision-making.
• Egypt is actively preparing its 2nd BTR and 5th National Communication for submission in 2026.
• The project includes national capacity building and training workshops for government staff and stakeholders.

Project Status

🟢 Ongoing

Project Timeline:

📅 Start Date: 1 April 2024
📅 End Date: 31 March 2028

Project Office:

Ministry of Environment, New Administrative Capiral, Cairo, Egypt.

Implemented By:

• Ministry of Environment/Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA)

Donors:

• Global Environment Facility (GEF), through the UNDP-GEF Trust Fund

Key Deliverables and Expected Delivery Dates:

• First Biennial Transparency Report (BTR1) issued in December 2024

• Updated National GHG Inventory (1994–2022, extended to 2024 by end of project): 2024-2026
• Gender-responsive vulnerability and adaptation assessments: 2025-2027
• Knowledge products and public awareness campaigns: 2025-2027
• Combined Second Biennial Transparency Report and Fifth National Communication (2BTR+5NC): December 2027
• Final Report and Lessons Learned Documentation: Q1 2028