The panel's answer, in short, is that you do not solve this with more grants. You solve it by using the grant capital you already have differently: to de-risk these assets so that commercial lenders are willing to finance their ongoing operation. That requires three things working together, and the panel's composition mapped onto them almost exactly.

First, standardization. A bank cannot underwrite a system that looks different at every clinic. The Ministry of Health's role — represented on the panel by Eng. Chibale Phiri — is to make sure solar-for-health installations follow common technical guidelines, so that a hundred clinics start to look, on paper, like one asset class rather than a hundred bespoke projects.

Second, transparency. This is where the digital layer matters, and it is worth being precise about what that layer is. The solar panels are Global Fund-financed. The IoT sensors and the Digital Twin dashboard that monitor them are a UNDP contribution, built on connectivity infrastructure — including Starlink — that the Smart Zambia Institute has been rolling out nationally. Paison Chikoye, representing SZI on the panel, made the case that this connectivity is not an IT upgrade sitting on top of the energy system. It is the thing that makes the energy system legible to anyone outside the project, including a lender who has never visited the clinic and has no reason to trust a paper report.

Third, a credible implementer who can take what standardization and transparency produce and actually run it at scale. That is Kiyona Energy, a ZESCO subsidiary, represented by CEO Eng. Clement Siame — bringing thirty years of utility-grade operational discipline to a sector that has historically been a patchwork of one-off, donor-funded installations.

And then there is the fourth seat at the table, the one that makes the other three matter: the financier. Grace Malekani, representing Zanaco, was there to supply the reality check every development panel needs and most avoid — what, specifically, would a commercial bank need to see before it would lend against this? Not a vision statement. Documentation, predictable cash flows, a credible counterparty, and a way to verify, after the loan is disbursed, that the asset is still performing. That is what the IoT layer is actually for, stripped of any euphemism: it is collateral information.

None of this is a finished model yet. It is a panel discussion, not a closed transaction, and there is a meaningful difference between identifying the mechanism and getting a bank to sign a term sheet. But the shape of the argument is sound, and it is more specific than most "innovative financing" conversations manage to be. Standardize the asset. Make it observable. Hand it to an operator who can run it at scale. Then ask the bank what it actually wants to see — and build toward that, rather than toward what is easiest to write a grant proposal about.

Zambia has already done the hard, capital-intensive work of getting solar onto clinic roofs. What this panel was really discussing is whether the country can do the comparatively unglamorous work of keeping it there — not through the next grant cycle, but the one after that, and the one after that.