By Martin Namasaka
The Defender: Mohamed Sabir’s Drive for Digitalizing Access to Justice
July 16, 2025
Some people lead from behind a desk. Mohamed Sabir Jaafar leads from the ground, often in his Land Rover Defender 110, along dusty roads, in crowded courtrooms, and deep within communities that have long been forgotten by formal justice systems.
As the Project Manager for UNDP Kenya’s Amkeni Wakenya Programme, Sabir is not your typical justice sector reformer. His journey to digitizing access to justice didn’t begin with policy memos or tech solutions—it began in the margins of Kenya’s map. For years, he was the only lawyer from the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights physically stationed in five of the country’s most underserved counties.
He’s walked with communities that justice forgot. And now, through Amkeni, he’s working to ensure no one is left behind—not even those beyond the last mile.
In this conversation, Sabir opens up about what drives him, how technology is reshaping access to justice in Kenya, and why real transformation starts when justice stops waiting for people to come to it—and instead goes to where people are.
You’ve worked in some of Kenya’s most underserved counties. What first stirred your passion for access to justice, especially for marginalized communities?
My commitment was born out of witnessing firsthand how structural inequalities silence people. When I served at the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights, I was the only lawyer physically based in and covering counties like Wajir, Mandera, Moyale, Marsabit, and Tana River.
What I saw there changed me. I saw how poverty, long distances, and deeply entrenched marginalization prevent people from asserting even their most basic rights. Many relied on traditional justice systems out of necessity, but those systems don’t always serve everyone equally. Justice shouldn’t depend on who you are or where you live. It’s not a privilege, it’s a right.
That’s why digitizing justice matters so deeply to me. It breaks down barriers, makes legal information accessible, and brings services closer to people who’ve historically been excluded. Technology isn’t a silver bullet, but when used right, it’s a bridge between people and the justice they deserve.
UNDP’s Amkeni Wakenya Programme is at the forefront of Kenya’s digital justice transformation. Why is this shift so critical right now, and how is your approach different from traditional reforms?
Justice systems are under pressure—and Kenya’s is no exception. With more people, more complex cases, and urgent challenges like land rights, domestic violence, and statelessness, the old ways of doing things just aren’t cutting it anymore. The truth is, many of our systems were built for a different era. And they’re now struggling to meet the real, everyday needs of ordinary Kenyans.
That’s why this shift can’t wait.
At UNDP, we’re not just adding shiny new tech and calling it reform. We’re reimagining justice—turning it into something that’s close, personal, and accessible. Something that meets you where you are. Whether you’re a single mother in Wajir, a youth activist in Kibra, or a fisherman in Lamu—you deserve a justice system that works for you.
One of the most exciting steps forward has been the launch of the E-Judiciary Mobile App. It’s like having a courthouse in your pocket. You can track your case, get court updates, and access judgments—all from your phone. For people who’ve had to travel miles just to attend a hearing, this is a game-changer. It’s especially empowering for those often left behind—elderly citizens, persons with disabilities, or those in far-flung communities.
We’re also proud of how tools like the Small Claims Courts have been integrated into this digital space—making justice faster, simpler, and less intimidating.
But honestly? The real transformation is happening at the grassroots.
Through Amkeni Wakenya’s Civil Society Facility, we walk alongside local organizations—not just handing over grants, but offering mentorship, training, and long-term support. These partners are setting up mobile legal clinics, training community paralegals, and creating tech solutions that actually work in their own context.
And it’s not just about courts. We helped develop an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system that’s made life easier for civil society groups—cutting out red tape and giving them more space to serve their communities and speak truth to power.
At the end of the day, it’s not about the technology. It’s about people. It’s about dignity. Voice. Trust.
That’s what we’re building—a justice system that doesn’t just process cases but sees people. Listens to them. Walks with them. And that’s why this moment matters—not just for Kenya, but for anyone who believes justice should be for everyone.
You mentioned community empowerment. Tell us how Amkeni supports civil society organizations on the frontlines.
Our Civil Society Facility is the heartbeat of our approach. It’s not just about funding. It’s mentorship, training, and strategic support for grassroots organizations that are often closest to the issues.
These CSOs operate where state services are patchy at best. We’ve supported mobile justice caravans, community paralegals, and legal tech pilots. The result is a growing network of trusted, credible organizations delivering justice directly to people’s doorsteps.
We’re not just extending the reach of the state, we’re deepening its relationship with citizens. And we’re showing that local actors, when supported, can be powerful agents of systemic change.
Kenya’s digital court systems like e-filing and virtual hearings—have gained global attention. What lessons can other African countries learn from this model?
If there’s one thing we’ve learned, it’s that real reform has to grow from the ground up. Kenya’s progress in digital justice didn’t happen by chance, it came from strong leadership, a shared vision, and partnerships that spanned from judges to civil society leaders to tech developers.
But we didn’t just throw technology at the problem. We listened. We asked: What do people need? What’s already working? What’s standing in their way? That’s how we ended up with systems like e-filing and virtual courts, not because they were trendy, but because they were timely and rooted in our context.
Now, can other African countries learn from Kenya? Absolutely. But it’s not about copying and pasting. It’s about pausing to ask: What are our people’s realities? For some places, that might mean starting with simple digital registries. For others, it could mean investing in virtual hearings or building out connectivity. What matters is starting where it makes sense and doing it with people, not just for them.
Of course, challenges like internet access, electricity, digital literacy, and language barriers are very real. And we have to face them head-on. But inclusion isn’t optional. At Amkeni, we’ve seen what happens when you invite community organizations to be part of the journey. They help decode tech, build trust, and make sure the most marginalized pastoralists, persons with disabilities, informal workers aren’t left behind.
COVID-19 really pushed us. It forced courts to go virtual almost overnight. It was messy. It was hard. But it also opened a door. With the Judiciary and our partners, we helped turn that crisis into a catalyst. We didn’t go back to “business as usual”, we pushed forward into something better.
Today, we’re seeing justice delivered faster, more efficiently, and to more people than ever before. But none of this would have stuck without legal and policy reforms to anchor it. The truth is, the law has to catch up to innovation. That’s how we build systems that last and that serve everyone.
Digital inclusion is a big concern. How is Amkeni ensuring that no one is left behind in this shift?
Digital justice can’t just be about new tools. It has to be about new possibilities for everyone. At Amkeni, we’ve been intentional about making sure this digital shift doesn’t become another divide.
One story that always stays with me is from Lamu. You have to imagine what justice looked like before families spending hours, sometimes days, crossing the sea to reach courts on the mainland. It was expensive, exhausting, and, for many, simply not an option.
Then we partnered with Faza Youth Group. They’re local. They know the islands. And with some digital support, connectivity, equipment, and training they created a lifeline. Now people can file cases, attend hearings, and follow up on court matters without leaving their communities. It’s not just access it’s dignity restored.
And that’s just one example. Across the country, we’ve worked with grassroots CSOs to set up digital legal aid clinics tailored to real, local needs. Some are in market centres. Others in remote villages. But the idea is the same: bring justice closer, and make it work for the people who need it most.
Through our EU-funded work, we’ve also made sure these clinics are equipped with the right tools—hardware, internet, and crucially, training. We don’t just teach people how to log on. We train them to understand ethics, privacy, and how to protect sensitive information. Because access must also come with safety and trust.
This is what “leave no one behind” looks like in action. We’re not just planting computers, we’re investing in people. People who speak the language, who know the culture, and who carry the trust of their communities. Together, we’re not just building a digital justice system—we’re building a stronger, more resilient society from the ground up.
As AI and predictive analytics enter the justice space, how do you protect against bias and ensure fairness?
Innovation should be a bridge not a barrier. We champion rights-based design. That means inclusive datasets, transparency in algorithms, and community validation.
We’re working with the Judiciary to create ethical guidelines for AI in justice. There must always be recourse when things go wrong. Technology must enhance justice, not undermine it.
Looking ahead to 2030 and SDG 16, what are the top priorities for scaling digital justice across Africa?
Three stand out:
Expanding infrastructure in underserved areas, using public-private partnerships.
Scaling legal empowerment—especially for women, youth, and informal workers—through digital tools.
Institutionalizing legal frameworks around data, ethics, and interoperability.
Technology is an accelerator, not a magic wand. But with the right institutions and inclusive governance, it can bring justice closer to the people who need it most.
What keeps you going—what’s the fuel behind this mission?
It’s simple: dignity. Justice and civic freedoms are the bedrock of dignity and democracy.
I’ve seen people silenced by distance, poverty, and bureaucracy. I’ve seen the difference when systems are built not just for people—but with them.
Civil society is essential. These organizations are the connectors, the watchdogs, the builders of trust. When we protect their space, we protect democracy itself.
This isn’t just development work—it’s a moral obligation. Because if justice doesn’t work for the poor, it doesn’t work at all.
Sabir’s Land Rover Defender doesn’t do comfort. It does courage. It goes where others don’t. Just like the digital justice movement he’s driving—through deserts, across islands, into the hearts of communities long excluded from the promise of justice. And he’s not about to hit the brakes.