This policy brief proposes a redesign of Rwanda’s Crop Intensification Programme (CIP) subsidy scheme to address biodiversity loss and promote equity. While CIP has boosted agricultural productivity, its emphasis on inorganic fertilisers and monocropping has harmed ecosystems, especially wetlands.

Developed by REMA in partnership with UNDP and BIOFIN, the brief recommends phasing out fertiliser subsidies, especially for rice, and reallocating resources to support organic fertiliser use, ecological restoration, farmer training, and research. The goal is to ensure food security while preserving biodiversity, enhancing climate resilience, and supporting equitable development.

The recommendations align with Rwanda’s Vision 2050 and include a phased transition over 5–10 years, inclusive policy-making, stronger extension services, and ecological monitoring. The action plan guides policy actors in implementing a sustainable, farmer-friendly subsidy framework that balances productivity with environmental health.