Layers of Deprivation: Multidimensional Poverty in Myanmar provides a new picture of poverty that looks beyond income to examine overlapping deprivations in health, education and living standards.

The report finds that 32.6 percent of Myanmar’s population, approximately 17.9 million people, are multidimensionally poor, while a further 19.5 million are vulnerable to multidimensional poverty. Together, more than two-thirds of the population are either poor or at risk. Health and living standards account for more than 80 percent of multidimensional poverty, reflecting households’ challenges in accessing healthcare, adequate housing, clean water, sanitation and other essential services.

Drawing on nationwide household data, the report shows how poverty varies substantially across locations and population groups, and how structural disadvantages interact with conflict, displacement and repeated shocks. By examining not only where poverty is concentrated, but also its depth and composition, the report provides an evidence base for more targeted approaches to recovery, resilience and poverty reduction.