This Independent Country Programme Evaluation reviews UNDP’s work in Libya during the 2020–2026 programme cycle, a period marked by political fragmentation, fragile institutions, and ongoing recovery needs. The evaluation highlights UNDP’s critical role in supporting local governance, stabilization efforts, and civic participation in an environment where operating conditions remain highly complex. At the same time, it points to persistent challenges in advancing broader institutional reform, strengthening national systems, and sustaining impact amid shifting political dynamics. The findings offer timely insights to guide a more cohesive, strategic, and context-responsive partnership as Libya continues its path toward peace, recovery, and accountable governance.