a. Effective water governance
Rogers, P. and Hall, A.W. (2002). Effective water governance. Stockholm,
Sweden, Global Water Partnership. (TEC background paper; no 7). 37 p.:
1 tab., 3 boxes. Includes references.

The goal of this paper is to present a coherent discussion of water governance, and show how it relates to water management and development. Integrated water resources management (IWRM) demands a new framework within which there may be a need for significant changes in existing interactions between politics, laws, regulations, institutions, civil society, and the consumer-voter. The capacity to make these changes depends therefore on changes in governance.

Section I describes the present thinking on governance. In Section II the particular aspects of water governance are addressed. Section III gives some ideas on how to achieve effective water governance. Finally, Section IV gathers some observations on water governance that need to be taken into account when reforming systems and provides some examples of actions presently underway.

The paper is part of the Dialogue on Effective Water Governance and is aimed at water professionals who increasingly need to be familiar with issues of governance.

Available as Word document from:
www.gwpforum.org/servlet/PSP?iNodeID=215&itemId=193

Source: Source Weekly, No. 50-52

b. Public-Private Partnerships and the Poor: Small Enterprises and Water Provision in Kibera, Nairobi
Author: Munguti Katui-Katua and Gordon McGranahan

As Nairobi's largest informal settlement, Kibera houses a majority of the city's urban poor. A public-private partnership to increase access to the water supply network proved to be a failure, despite considerable efforts to understand the local context and involve stakeholders. This study offers
many lessons on both project design and market structure.

Source: Water, Engineering and Development Centre, Loughborough University,
Leicestershire, 2002

Please visit: http://rru.worldbank.org/Resources.asp?results=true&stopicids=3

c. Local Government and the Johannesburg Summit Meeting, November 2002
Published by the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI)

A comprehensive report on local government input and participation in the World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, South Africa.

This report discusses the key outcomes for local governments achieved at the Johannesburg Summit. It reports major outputs, including implementation of Local Action 21 to support local government's ongoing efforts to respond to Agenda 21, the Rio Conventions, the Habitat Agenda and the Millennium Declaration.

According to the report, local governments responded to the call for Type 2 outcomes from the Summit, specifically for the development of "Implementation Partnerships" as practical mechanisms to achieve the Summit objectives as outlined in The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation. The section "Strengthening Institutional Frameworks" of this Plan of Implementation - an official Summit text -- contains specific language that recognizes the success of Partnerships: "Enhance the role and capacity of local authorities as well as stakeholders in implementing Agenda 21 and the outcomes of the summit and in strengthening the continuing support for local Agenda 21 programmes and associated initiatives and partnerships, and encourage in particular, partnerships among and between local
authorities and other levels of government and stakeholders to advance sustainable development..." The report outlines next steps for follow up from the Summit, including guidance and support for Implementation of Local Action 21 and Partnerships.

This report can be downloaded from ICLEI Website: www.iclei.org/rioplusten/outcomes/lg_summit.pdf

d. World Development Report 2003: Sustainable Development in a Dynamic World: Transforming Institutions, Growth, and Quality of Life
by World Bank

This year's World Bank Report, the twenty fifth in the series, is about the growth in income and productivity required in developing countries to eliminate poverty in a way that is environmentally and socially sustainable.

It focuses in the need to strengthen institutional capabilities for implementation. The Report's foreword by World Bank President, James Wolfensohn, points at four elements that need to be addressed for long term sustainable development. One of these key elements recognizes the success of partnerships, as a way to ensure enabling environments for creativity, initiative and learning... "These initiatives can come from the public sector, the private sector or civil society. Partnerships among these various actors are needed within an across countries. Many innovative institutions are emerging which need to be strengthened. The key is to find ways to scale up these initiatives."

English BC 272 pages 8 x 10.5 by Oxford University Press, World Bank
ISBN: 0-8213-5150-8 SKU: 15150

Excerpts can be downloaded from World Bank Web site: www.worldbank.org/publications/

e. For the Good of the People: Using Public-Private Partnerships To Meet America's Essential Needs (May 2002)

Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are used in meeting a wide variety of public needs, to the great satisfaction of the vast majority of the users of this approach. However, PPPs are often misunderstood.

Issues such as the structure of partnerships, the origin of private sector profits, the role of the public-sector in these agreements and the value (to both the general public and public agencies) are all complex aspects where limited knowledge can lead to misinformation and misperceptions. This paper provides a more complete picture of how and where public-private partnerships work.

f. PPPs-American Style (October 2002)

There is widespread recognition that PPPs are being used throughout the entire world in a wide variety of forms. In Europe, Latin America, Asia and major portions of the developing world, private sector resources are utilized to meet public needs under a variety of names such as PFI, privatisation, outsourcing or other variations.

But what is often misunderstood is the character of how these tools are utilized in the United States. Because of the unique political structure, tax codes and social attitudes in the US, the structure of PPPs can vary widely there from what is practised in other parts of the world.

The PFI Journal 39, October 2002
Article available online at http://ncppp.org/howpart/PFIArticle.pdf

g. Analyzing Asian Infrastructure Development Privatization Market (March/April 2002)
by Young Hoon Kwak, A.M.ASCE

Abstract: Concession agreement is one of the infrastructure privatization models. In Asia, the rise of concession projects began in the 1980s, and the number of such projects continues to grow. This research provides an overview and detailed analysis of the Asian concession market. Eighty-seven concession projects awarded between 1985 and 1998 covering 12 Asian countries were examined.

Findings show that Asia has been implementing concession models actively in response to the high demand of infrastructure development in the power, transportation, and water sectors. Approximately 30% of the total concession projects had disappointing performances resulting in financial loss, cancellation, delay, and suspension of the project.

Source: JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT / MARCH/APRIL 2002

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