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PPPUE Conference Paper Series, Volume I Internet Conference 1997/98
Round III
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Characteristics of Urban Environmental Services Influencing the Development of Public Private Partnerships

Meeting basic needs:
1. Of the entire population (including the poor)
2. With the services being demanded (water, cooking)
3. While recovering costs, sometimes including profits
Scale:
1. Problem to be addressed
2. Project to be undertaken

	Competetive/Monopoly	Capital/Labor Intensive
Raw Material Production Water Energy/electricity	Limited competition Potentially competitive	Capital Traditionally capital
Raw Material Distribution Water Energy/electricity	Limited competition Monopoly	Capital Traditionally capital
Waste Collection Water Waste	Limited competition Competitive	Mostly capital Labor
Waste Transportation Water Waste	Limited competition Competitive	Mostly capital Either
Waste Management Water Waste	Limited competition Competitive	Mostly capital Either

Key stakeholder groups for the service provided:
1. Consumers of the service (public/private, for/not-for profit, local/international, individual/institutional, urban/rural)
2. Providers of the service (public/private, for/not-for profit, local/international, individual/corporate)
3. Employees of any existing public sector providers
4. Government enablers (frameworks) and overseers (regulation) of service (national/regional/local)
Being alert for opportunities to:
Adopt integrated/complimentary solutions across services (water, waste and energy)
Reduce the capital intensity of service provision

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