Development and the HIV Epidemic: A forward-looking evaluation of the approach of the UNDP HIV and Development Programme APPENDIX 3: COUNTRIES VISITED DURING THE EVALUATION Zambia, the Philippines, Mexico and Senegal were chosen for country visits. These are countries with which the Programme has worked closely, both through involving people from these countries in regional and interregional meetings and networking, and through specific initiatives undertaken within their countries. The Programme has undertaken fewer acitivities in the Philippines, however, there have been many partnerships developed which include people from this country. It was decided to include the Philippines in the evaluation in order to see if there had been tangible flow-on effects from these partnerships. Soon after the approval of the SPR funds for HIV and development, the Programme convened a consultation of its existing and potential partners to guide it in the use of these funds. This took place in New York in October 1992. Key partners of the Programme have been the regional councils of the International Council for AIDS Service Organizations (ICASO), those for Africa (AFRICASO, whose secretariat is in Dakar, Senegal), Asia and the Pacific (APCASO, with its secretariat in Manila, the Philippines) and Latin America, the Caribbean and Central America (LACCASO, whose secretariat is in Mexico City). The three executive directors of these networks were invited to the consultation, although the APCASO Director was unable to attend. Another central partner of the Programme has been the global and regional networks of people living with HIV and AIDS. The then president of the Global Network of People Living with HIV (GNP+) and member of the International Community of Women Living with HIV (ICW) (Cindy Robins) attended. Other partners invited to the meeting included The Society for Women and AIDS in Africa, represented by SWAA Zambia, and the Salvation Army. Community workers and consultants from Senegal and Zambia had already worked with the Programme during its first training of HIV and development trainers which took place in Mombasa, Kenya, in October-November 1991, and in the processes of preparing the training materials. A second training-of-trainers workshop for French-speaking trainers was held in Agadir, Morocco in August 1992. At this meeting there were five people from Senegal: two staff members from the newly established UNDP Regional Project for Africa on HIV and Development, which is based in Dakar, two others, including a training consultant, as resource persons, and one trainer. The HIV and development training approach and materials have been extensively used in workshops organised in Senegal by a trainer who has worked as a partner of the Programme. The first two workshops were held in May and August 1993 and since then many more have been held for NGOs, community leaders and government officials in Senegal and from West Africa. Trainers have been trained and have worked with othe NGOs to develop and carry out further workshops. At the first training-of-trainers for the Asia and Pacific region held in Kuala Lumpur in April 1994, the resource persons included the executive director of APCASO from the Philippines, a staff person from the UNDP Regional Project, a training consultant from Senegal, and four participants drawn from the community sector, national HIV/AIDS programme and UNDP in the Philippines. During this workshop, respect was built between an Australian participant and partner of the Programme (Bruce Parnell) and the Filipino participants which led the Programme to suggest the Australian as a long term consultant to the WHO regional office for the Western Pacific region. WHO had been asked by the Government of the Philippines to identify someone to assist them to develop a Philippines National HIV/AIDS Strategy. This in turn led to other Australian partners of the Programme to invite a number of Filipino community-based organisations to Australia to discuss issues around the development of such national strategies. The HIV and Development training materials and approach were taken back to the Philippines by the resource person and participants and are now being widely used by community organisations there, most of whom have had no direct contact with the Programme. The UNDP language policy and other publications have also been widely disseminated and have stimulated much discussion on the discourse of the epidemic, its analysis and its strategic approaches. A training workshop on HIV and development was held in May, 1995, in Tarrytown, New York, for staff of UNDP English-speaking country offices responsible for HIV and development. Staff came from Zambia and the Philippines and resource persons from the Philippines, Mexico and Senegal, along with a person living with HIV from Mexico. A similar workshop for french speaking UNDP country office staff and trainers is planned for May, 1996 in Zaire. It will be organized in partnership with AFRICASO and will involve LACCASO in preparation for a similar workshop to be held for spanish speakers in the second half of 1996. In December 1991, in Senegal, the Programme, in partnership with the Salvation Army and the UK NGO Consortium on HIV/AIDS, brought together community and government representatives from countries in Africa, Asia and the Caribbean to an informal consultation on behaviour change. Ten participants, both from the community sector and government, came from Zambia and Senegal. At the planning meeting, which was held in London in August 1992, for the second Informal Consultation on Behaviour Change, there were participants from the Philippines, Senegal and Mexico from community organisations and networks based in those countries. The Consultation itself was held in New Delhi in November 1992 and community and government representatives from Senegal, Mexico and the Philippines participated. At the planning meeting for the first Inter-country consultation on Law, Ethics and HIV for the Asia and Pacific region which was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, September 1992, there were participants from the National AIDS Programme in the Philippines and academic institutions in the Philippines and Senegal. The Inter-country Consultation itself, which was held in Cebu in the Philippines in May 1993 had participants from HIV community organisations, the national HIV/AIDS programme, legal activist and human rights organisations, the Bar Association, research institutions and WHO in the Philippines, and from the University of St. Louis in Senegal. LACASO identified two lawyers fom its region to attend. This policy of inter-regional participation acknowledges the interconnectedness of the regions and the shared interest in the issues and contributed to the development of networks in these other two regions. The planning meeting for the Inter-country Consultation on Ethics, Law and HIV for the Africa region was held in Accra, Ghana in October 1993. Participants from Zambia were an academic and a practicing lawyer and a person living with HIV from the community sector and there were two resource persons from Senegal, one academic, one community leader. The Inter-country Consultation on Ethics, Law and HIV was held in Dakar, Senegal, in June, 1995. Participants and resource persons from Senegal included Cabinet Ministers, academic and practicing lawyers, community workers and service providers, the Chairperson of an association of people living with HIV and AIDS, staff from the national HIV/AIDS programme, the ministry of health and of labour, an HIV physician, the President of the National Commission on HIV Ethics and Law, a representative of l'Association des Juristes Africains (AJA) and a social scientist. The Zambia team was the same as for the planning meeting, with an additional lawyer. One of the resource persons was from Mexico. By the time of this consultation, national networks on ethics, law and HIV had been established in Zambia, the Philippines and Senegal. A planning meeting for the establishment of national and regional networks in the Latin and Central American and Caribbean region was held in New York in March 1994. This initiative has been undertaken in partnership with LACASO and its executive director, from Mexico, attended. He subsequently undertook or organised missions to a number of countries in the region to discuss the establishment of national networks. A national consultation on ethics, law, human rights and HIV has been held in Mexico which created a national network. In April, 1995, in Tarrytown, New York, a training workshop was held for resource persons interested in establishing and supporting networking on ethics, law, human rights and HIV. Participants and resource persons came from all four countries. A resource person from LACASO, Mexico, assisted the Programme with a one day workshop for the Nicaraguan National Assembly, convened by its President, on ethics, law and HIV in March 1996. In mid-1993, preparatory missions visited four African countries, including Zambia and Senegal, to determine whether there was interest in participating in a partnership programme to enchance national capacity to analyse and respond to the psychological, social and economic determinants and consequences of the HIV epidemic. Country teams consisting of a range of academic disciplines, persons affected by the epidemic and government and community programme staff, the users of research findings, were established. A training workshop for Phase I of the programme was held in Saly Portudal, Senegal, in September 1993 and another for Phase II in Canberra, Australia, in August 1995. Teams members, UNDP staff and government officials from Senegal and Zambia attended both workshops. A resource person from Mexico assisted in the research capacity building workshop held in Nicaragua in July 1994. At the workshop in Saly Portudal, the two members of the Zambia and Kenya teams living with HIV talked about the need for those infected to be able to come together to support each other and talk about mutual concerns. They decided to form a regional network of people living with HIV and AIDS. With the particular support of the UNDP regional project for Africa, a meeting was organized by them at Mombasa, Kenya, in May 1994, at which the Network of African People Living with HIV and AIDS (NAP+) was created. Five people living with HIV and AIDS came from Zambia and three from Senegal. These networks have now been established in many African countries and a Board established to guide the initiative. Two Zambians are on the Board. The executive director of AFRICASO, from Senegal, attended a workshop in January 1993 convened in partnership with ICW and GNP+ to discuss ways of better understanding how people make the transition from knowing they are infected to taking up their life again, living with the knowledge, and how this transition can best be supported by others, including governments. The Programme has also supported the establishment of organisations of people living with HIV and AIDS in the Latin American region. In Mexico, it assisted with the substantive preparations and fund-raising for the first national meeting of people living with HIV and AIDS held in November 1995. The Programme has also assisted with the strengthening of the capacity of organisations providing support and services to people living with HIV and, in particular, has provided on-the-job training for the Mexico City youth and HIV project coordinator of Caritas Mexico through six months of working with the Programme. In 1992, the Programme began working to support the establishment of a Civil-Military Alliance to Combat HIV and AIDS. This Alliance was formally constituted and a consensus statement adopted at a meeting in Berlin in June 1993. The Programme supported the participation at this meeting of partners from community-based organisations in Senegal, Mexico, the Philippines and the Salvation Army and from the Army Medical Corps of Senegal. The Programme further supported the development of the Alliance in the African region and assisted the participation of a number of its members, including its regional Vice-President, from Senegal, in the International Conference on AIDS in Africa in Kampala in December, 1995. In October 1995, at the request of the Armed Forces of Vietnam, it designed, negotiated and carried out a facilitated study tour for them to two neighbouring countries, including the Philippines. The resource person for the Philippines segment of the tour was one of its community partners in the Philippines. In April 1993, the Programme organized a workshop in Melbourne, Australia, to identify and develop appropriate methodologies by which the processes of change initiated by community organisations could best be documented, monitored and evaluated. Participants from Zambia and Senegal attended, as well as the Salvation Army. As a result, the Salvation Army began to work with the Programme to document the work of some of its country teams. The Army hosted a regional consultation for Africa at Chikankata Hospital in Zambia in November 1993 to discuss how innovation in community based responses could best be documented. Another Salvation Army regional consultation was held in the Philippines in September 1994 for which the Programme provided assistance for the resource persons and funded the attendance of participants from Russia, Bulgaria and Poland. The Programme supported one of its Mexican community partners to attend the next workshop held in Bolivia for the Latin American region. The Programme also worked with Colectivo Sol in Mexico and its partners, another NGO and an academic institution, to test out and document the use of public institutions such as libraries as sources of information on the HIV epidemic for rural populations and as a means of linking these people to urban based HIV-related services. The results of these studies were then discussed with the rural populations studied. Project design support was also provided to UNFPA Mexico and its partners to develop an initiative for youth and HIV. In November 1993, the Programme along with ENDA-Santé one of its partner organisations based in Senegal, organized a facilitated study tour for a large and diverse group of people from Djibouti interested in better understanding the role of community organisations and associations in a national response. ENDA-Santé provided the two learning facilitators and the initial training of the group was held at ENDA-Santé. Senegal and Zambia were among three countries visited during the tour. At its end, the group revised the national HIV/AIDS strategy and designed a number of community based initiatives. In October 1995, the Programme organized another facilitated study tour for a multi-disciplinary group from Swaziland to look at community and home based care programmes in three African countries, including Zambia.
Evaluation country field visit: Zambia Evaluation team members:
Bruce Parnell, Cindy Robins, Gro Lie, Juan Jacobo
Hernández. Evaluation participants
in interactive discussions in Zambia: Evaluation participants
in interactive workshop in Zambia, 9 October 1995: Evaluation participants
in reporting workshop in Zambia, 10 October 1995:
Evaluation country
field visit: The Philippines Evaluation participants
in interactive discussions in the Philippines: Evaluation participants
in interactive workshop in the Philippines, held at the
Kabalikat drop-in centre, Evaluation participants
in reporting workshop in the Philippines, held at UNDP,
Makati, 15 November 1995: Helen Meirghe:
Associate Expert, ILO
Evaluation country
field visit: Mexico Evaluation participants
in interactive discussions in Mexico: Evaluation participants
in interactive workshop in Mexico: Evaluation country
field visit: Senegal Evaluation participants
in interactive discussions in Senegal: No workshops were held in Senegal.
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