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Human activities contribute to global warming
by increasing levels of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide,
methane, nitrous oxide, halocarbons). From the use of fossil fuels
for energy, to cutting down and burning forests, or agricultural
activities and land-use change, to industrial processes and exhaust
from automobiles -all of these activities contribute to the production
of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that deplete the ozone layer.
Addressing the problems created by climate change
requires the participation of the international community to reduce
GHG emissions and concentrations. Present and future emissions of
GHGs can be reduced by using energy more efficiently and by using
more renewable energies. Human populations and economies are vulnerable
to the adverse impacts caused by climate change.
The climate change focal area recognizes the impacts
on the global environment caused by growing levels of greenhouse
gases. The UN Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)] guides UNDP-GEF projects
in this focal area. Currently, there are 186 Parties to the Convention,
which was adopted in 1992. Negotiations on the decisions to advance
the Conventions objectives have continued since its inception, and
the forum for discussions is the Conference of the Parties (COP).
UNDP-GEF enabling activities are designed to assist countries with
achieving their Convention commitments.
The GEF-UNDP Fuel-Cell Bus Programme (see Update)
supports the commercialization of fuel cell bus technology in developing
countries and the UNFCCC in technology transfer.
Climate change projects fall under the following
categories of Operational Programmes (OP). Each OP describes an
aspect of the focal area and includes eligibility criteria:
OP
5: Removing Barriers to Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency
OP
6: Promoting the Adoption of Renewable Energy by Removing Barriers
and Reducing Implementation Costs
OP
7: Reducing the Long-Term Costs of Low Greenhouse Gas Emitting Energy
Technologies
OP
11: Promoting Environmentally Sustainable Transport
OP
12: Integrated Ecosystem Management (Multifocal)
UNDP-GEF Project Sites
Fuel
Cell Bus Commercialization in China
Commercialization
of Energy Efficient Refrigerators (China)
Capacity
Building for Commercialization of Renewable Energy (China)
China
Greenlights Project
Rural
Electrification with Renewable Energies (Chile)
Coal
Bed Methane Capture and Commercial Utilisation (India)
Energy
Efficiency Improvements & GHG Reduction (Egypt)
Energy
Efficiency Improvements & GHG Reduction (Palestinian Authority)
Rural
Electrification with Renewable Energy (Bolivia)
Climate
Change in the Maghreb Region
GHG
Emissions Reduction through Energy Efficient Buildings in West Africa
Low Cost/Low Energy
Buildings in the Czech Republic
Capacity
Building to Reduce Key Barriers to Energy Efficiency (Russia)
Energy
Efficiency Strategy to Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Bulgaria)
Pakistan
Fuel Efficiency in Road Transport Sector
Malaysian
Industrial Energy Efficiency Improvement Project
Climate Change Sites
UNDP-GEF
National Communications Support Unit
UN
Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
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