InfoKIT tables

DATA on greenhouse gas emissions and sources Sheet 30

Table 1: A sample of greenhouse gases affected by human activities

	CO2	CH4	N2O	CFC11	HCFC22	CF4	SF6
	(carbon dioxide)	(methane)	(nitrous oxide)	(a CFC substitute)	(a CFC substitute)	(a perfluoro carbon)	(sulphur hexafluoride)
Preindustrial level	~280 ppmv+	~700 ppbv	~275 ppbv	zero	zero	zero	zero
1994 concentration	358 ppmv	1720 ppbv	312' ppbv	268' pptv	110 pptv	72' pptv	3-4 pptv
Rate increase*	1.5 ppmv/yr	10 ppbv/yr	0.8 ppbv/yr	0 pptv/yr	5 pptv/yr	1.2 pptv/yr	0.2/pptv/yr
	0.4%/yr	0.6%/yr	0.25%/yr	0%/yr	5%/yr	2%/yr	~5%/yr
Lifetime (years)	50200++	12+++	120	50	12	50,000	3,200

' Estimated from 199293 data.

+ 1 ppmv = 1 part per million by volume; 1 ppbv = 1 part per billion by volume; 1 pptv = 1 part per trillion (million million) by volume.

++ No single lifetime for CO2 can be defined because of the different rates of uptake by different sink processes.

+++ This has been defined as an adjustment time which takes into account the indirect effect of methane on its own lifetime.

* The growth rates of CO2 , CH4 and N2O are averaged over the decade beginning 1984; halocarbon growth rates are based on recent years (1990s).

(Ed. note: 1kg of carbon = 3.664 kg of CO2.)

Source: Climate Change 1995, IPCC Working Group I, p. 15.

Table 2: Global energy consumption in 1990 by energy source and by sector, in EJ/yr

	Coal	Oil	Gas	Nuclear	Hydroa)	Electricity	Heat	Biomass	Total
Primary	91	128	71	19	21	-	-	55	385
Final	36	106	41	-	-	35	8	53	279
Industry	25	15	22	-	-	17	4	3	86
Transport	1	59	0	-	-	1	0	0	61
Others	10	18	18	-	-	17	4	50	117
Feedstocksb)	0	14	1	-	-	-	-	-	15

Notes: Primary energy is recovered or gathered directly from natural sources (e.g., mined coal, collected biomass, or harnessed hydroelectricity), then is converted into fuels and electricity (e.g., electricity, gasoline, and charcoal), resulting in final energy after distribution and delivery to the point of consumption. (An EJ, or exajoule, is one billion joules, equal to the energy content of about 24 million tonnes of oil ed.)

Nuclear and hydropower electricity have been converted into primary thermal equivalent, with an average factor of 38.5% (WEC, 1983).

Feedstocks represent nonenergy use of hydrocarbons.

Source: Climate Change 1995, IPCC Working Group II, p. 83; based on IEA, 1993; Hall, 1991, 1993; UN, 1993; WEC, 1983, 1993a, 1993b: Nakicenovic et al., 1993.

Table 3: Land area and use, 198294

Table 4: Total anthropogenic CO2 emissions, excluding land-use change and forestry, 1990-1995, and projections for 2000

Percentage relative to 1990, 1990=100 Projections

	1990 (Gg)	1991 %	1992 %	1993 %	1994 %	1995 %	2000 (Gg)	Percentage change from baseline
Australia	273 123	101	102	103	105	109	311 200	19
Austria	61 880	107	97	96	96	100	57 300	-7
Belgium	116 090	103	102	99	104		125 200	8
Bulgaria	96 878	68	62	64	61	64	74 730	-11
Canada	464 000	98	101	101	104	108	500 600	8
Czech Republic	165 490	93	85	81	77	78	139 000	-17
Denmark	52 277	120	110	114	121	114	54 309	-9
Estonia	37 797	98	73	58	60	55	19 700	-47
Finlandc	53 800		97	99	110	104	(58 000 - 60 000)	(8 - 12)
France	378 379	106	106	99	99	102	372 934	-2
Germany	1 014 155	96	91	91	89	88	894 000	-12
Greece	84 575	100	102	103	105	107	89 120	16
Hungary	83 676	81	72	73	71	71	64 300	-23
Iceland	2 147	96	102	107	105	106	2 697	26
Ireland	30 719	103	105	104	108	110	34 998	14
Italyc	432150				95	101	421 272	5
Japan	1 124 532	102	103	101	108	108
Latvia	24 771	78	66	58	48	49	12 274	-51
Lithuaniac	39 535						27 147	-31
Luxembourgc	12 750				94	75	5 684	-45
Monacoc	71
Netherlands	167 550	104	103	105	105	109	173 500	0
New Zealand	25 476	102	110	107	107	107	31 080	22
Norway	35 544	95	97	101	106	107	44 000	22
Polandc	476 625		78		78		425 000	-12
Portugalc	47 123	104	112	107	108		50 130	35
Romaniac	198 479	71	62	61
Russian Fed.c	2 372 300	93	85	78	70		1 750 000	-26
Slovak Rep.c	60 032	88	81	77	72	81	(44 780- 46 178)	(-25) - (-23)
Slovenia	13 935
Spainc	226 423	100	104	100	102		258 247	14
Sweden	55 445	100	101	101	106	105	60 100	3
Switzerland	45 070	104	101	98	96	98	43 900	-7
Ukrainec	700 107						530 042	-25
United Kingdom	583 747	101	98	95	95	93	550 000	-5
United States	4 960 432	99	100	103	104	105	5 627 310	13

Source: Climate Change Secretariat: “Second compilation and synthesis of second national communications", Doc. FCCC/CP/1998/11/Add.2. Data for Romania is from Doc. FCCC/SBI/1997/INF.4

Notes: Gg = 1,000 tonnes

a.In accordance with decision 9/CP.2 some Parties with economies in transition use base years other than 1990: Bulgaria (1988), Hungary (average of 1985-87), Poland (1988) and Romania (1989).

b.The baseline figure used for calculation of percentage change may differ than that of the 1990 figure given in this table due to use of a different baseline other than 1990, use of only a subset of the 1990 figure, subsequent updating of inventory data, calibration of projection models or rounding.

c.Party did not provide estimates for all years subsequent to 1990.

Table 5: Greenhouse gas emissions, 1991 (000 metric tons)

	CO2 emissions from industrial processes	CO2 emissions from land use change	Methane from anthropogenic sources
	CO2 emissions from industrial processes	CO2 emissions from land use change	Solid waste	Coal mining	Oil & gas production	Wet rice agriculture	Livestock	Total
World	22,339,408	4,100,000	43,000	36,000	44,000	69,000	81,000	270,000
Africa	715,773	730,000	1,700	1,700	6,000	2,400	9,000	21,000
Europe	6,866,494	11,000	17,000	6,600	15,000	420	14,000	53,000
No. & Cent.. America	5,715,466	190,000	11,000	6,100	8,200	590	9,200	35,000
So. America	605,029	1,800,000	2,200	280	2,200	870	15,000	21,000
Asia	7,118,317	1,300,000	9,900	20,000	12,000	65,000	30,000	140,000
Oceania	297,246	38,000	690	1,400	310	75	3,300	5,800

Source: World Resources Institute, as cited in World Resources 199697, pp. 326329.

Table 6: Percapita CO2 emissions (metric tons):

10 indicative rates

Brazil	1.6
China	2.7
Czech Republic	10.9
Japan	9.0
Russian Fed.	12.2
Swaziland	0.5
India	1.0
Malaysia	5.3
UK	9.3
US	20.5

Source: 1995 figures; adapted from CDIAC as cited in World Resources 199899.

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