Coping
with Drought
& Climate Change
Inception
& Project Advisor Committee Meeting
Drylands
Development Center, Nairobi (Kenya), 29-30 August 2005
Venue: Conference Room, UNDP/DDC, UN Avenue, Gigiri, Nairobi (Next to Warwick Centre), 29-30 August 2005
29 August, 2005
8.30-9.00 Registration
Morning Session Chair: DDC (Verity Nyagah)
9.00-9.10 Opening/Welcome/Introductions
– UNDP Kenya DRR/ DDC/ Martin Krause
9.10-9.15
Objectives of Inception Meeting – Pradeep Kurukulasuriya
9.15-10.00 Overview
of the Project: Objectives & Outcomes – Martin Krause
Discussion
Country Presentations
10.00-10.30 Kenya
(15 minutes) - Mr. Isaiah Gitonga & Mr. F. Karanja
Ethiopia
(15 minutes) - Mr. A. Tadege
10.30-10.50 Break (Tea/Coffee)
10.50-11.05 Mozambique
(15 minutes) - Ms Anselmina Liphola & Mr. Antonio Mavie
11.05-11.20 Zimbabwe
(15 minutes) - Mrs. M. Chasi & Mr. Leonard Unganai
11.20-13.00 Adaptive Capacity Needs Assessment - Tim Boyle
13.00-14.00 Lunch (ICRAF Restaurant suggested)
Afternoon Session Chair: DDC (Eric Patrick)
Lead:
Tim Boyle
14.00-15.00 Identification
of Pilot Sites and Adaptation Measures
15.00-15.20 Break (Tea/Coffee)
15.20-15.40 Monitoring & Evaluation (UNDP/GEF Requirements)
15.40 -16.15 Development of resource mobilization and partnership strategy & Development of Full Project Brief
16.15-18.00 Implementation Issues/Draft Work Plan: Tim Boyle/Martin Krause
30 August 2005
Chair:
Nardos Bekele-Thomas, UNDP Dep. Resident Representative
9.00-9.05 Welcome/New Introductions/
Objectives of Project Advisory Committee (PAC) - Martin Krause
9.05-9.15 Summary of Discussions from Inception Meeting -Tim Boyle
9.15-12.30 PAC Issues & Discussion (Rapporteur: Tim Boyle)
On going activities in the region:
9.15-9.30
DDC
Presentation - Eric Patrick
9.30-9.45 IRI
Presentation - James Hansen
9.45-10.00 GEF
Projects in East and Southern Africa - Alan Rodgers
10.00-10.15 IUCN/WISP
Project – Edmund Barrow
10.15-10.30 GEF/World
Bank/ CEEPA Climate, Agriculture and Africa Project - R. Hassan
10.30-10.45 Discussion (Coffee served during the session)
10.45-11.00 ICRAF
Initiatives - S. Kandji
11.00-11.15 ICPAC
Initiatives - Laban Ogalla
11.15-11.30 WMO
Initiatives - Victor A. Simango/Penehuro Lefale
11.30-11.45 BCPR
Initiatives - Mohammed Abchir/Ken Westgate
12.00-12.30 Discussion
12.30- 13.00 Implementation/Execution issues (including reporting) - Martin Krause
13.00- 13.30 Conclusions and recommendations - Martin Krause/Tim Boyle
13.30- 14.30 Lunch (ICRAF Restaurant suggested)
Afternoon Session Chair: Pradeep Kurukulasuriya, UNDP/GEF
Attendance requested only for the Coping with Drought Project Team (Fredrick Karanja, Antonio Mavie, Leonard Unganai, Ethiopia tba, Pradeep Kurukulasuriya, Tim Boyle), DDC (Eric Patrick, Verity Nyagah), UNDP CO Kenya (Charles Nyandiga) and UNDP-GEF Regional Coordination Unit (Martin Krause)
14.30-16.30 Agreeing on work plan for PDF B phase and reflection on inception and PAC meetings
Mutsa Chasi (Mrs.) Zimbabwe
Government: Department of Natural Resources
Isaiah Gitonga Kenya
Government: Ministry of Agriculture
Anselmina Liphola (Ms.) Mozambique
Government: National Directorate of Environmental Management
Abebe Tadege Ethiopia
Government: National Meteorological Service Agency
Aynalem Meshesha (Ms.) Ministry
of Finance and Economic Development (Ethiopia)
Nardos Bekele-Thomas (Ms.) UNDP Kenya CO
Charles Nyandiga UNDP
Kenya CO
Mfaro Moyo UNDP
Zimbabwe CO
Jaime Comiche UNDP
Mozambique CO
Yewoubdar Ayalew (Ms.) UNDP
Ethiopia CO
Eric Patrick UNDP/Dryland
Development Centre
Verity Nyagah (Mrs) UNDP/Dryland
Development Centre
Sarah Anyoti UNDP/Dryland
Development Centre
Alan Rodgers* UNDP/Global
Environment Facility
Martin Krause UNDP/Global
Environment Facility
Tim Boyle UNDP/GEF
Coping with Drought Project Team
Pradeep Kurukulasuriya UNDP/GEF
Coping with Drought Project Team
Leonard Unganai UNDP/GEF
Coping with Drought Project Team (Zimbabwe)
Fredrick Karanja UNDP/GEF
Coping with Drought Project Team (Kenya)
Antonio Mavie UNDP/GEF
Coping with Drought Project Team (Mozambique)
James W. Hansen Columbia
University/IRI
Laban Ogallo* ICPAC
Rashid Hassan Centre
for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA)
Mohammed Abchir Bureau
of Crisis Prevention and Recovery (UNDP/BCPR)
Ken Westgate Bureau
of Crisis Prevention and Recovery (UNDP/BCPR)
Victor Simango orld
Meteorological Organization (WMO)
Penehuro Lefale World
Meteorological Organization (WMO)
Edmund Barrow* International
Union for the Conservation of Nature- WISP Program
Serigne Kandji International
Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF)
Fatuma S. Abdikadir* Arid
Lands Resource Management Project, Office of Pres. (Kenya)
Gilbert Ouma IGAD
Prediction and Applications Centre
Phillip von Waechter UNOPS
(Nairobi)
Graham Farmer Food
and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Other PAC Members (not in attendance)
Maxx Dilley Bureau
of Crisis Prevention and Recovery (UNDP/BCPR)
Bo Lim UNDP/GEF
Brian Dawson UNDP/EEG
Menghestab Haile World
Food Programme (Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping)
Ravi Prabhu
CIFOR Regional Office for Eastern & Southern Africa
Kennedy Masamvu Southern
African Development Community (SADC)- Food, Agriculture and Natural resources
(FANR)
KPC Rao ICRAF
–ICRISAT
Holger Liptow GTZ
Christine Cornelius World
Bank (Arid Lands Resource Management Project (Kenya) & Pastoralist
Community Development Project (Ethiopia)
Other individuals contacted during the Climate Outlook Forum Meeting, 30 August-1 September, 2005
Feng
Min Kan UN
International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR)
Ricard Graham, Long
Range Forecasting Applications, Hadley Centre, Met Office, UK
Brad Garanganga SADC
Drought Monitoring Centre, Harare
Prof. A.B.C. Ocholla Ayayo
Indigenous adaptation measures in Kenya
Prof. Dickson Nyariki Dept.
of Rangeland Management, University of Nairobi (water harvesting project-
Kenya)
Dr. Andrew Githoko Expert
on Malaria incidence in East Africa
Hussain Gadain
FEWSNET-Kenya
Minutes
1.
Verity Nyagah welcomed the participants to the inception meeting. She
noted the strong support expressed by the Governments of Ethiopia, Kenya,
Mozambique and Zimbabwe, international organizations, international NGOs
and research institutes for the project. She asserted that a comprehensive
list of
participants at the inception and PAC meeting boded well for the development
and implementation of the project.
2. Nardos Bekele-Thomas (Deputy Resident Rep, UNDP CO Kenya) officially inaugurated the meeting. She noted that the recurrence of drought in many parts of Africa was a serious issue particularly given the shortage of arable land and high population densities. She stressed that climate change issues were likely to become a major problem in many parts of Africa and that ad hoc response measures would be inadequate. Innovative and concerted response measures, as this project is likely to promote, would become increasingly necessary. As such, it was anticipated that projects such as Coping with Drought and Climate Change would offer valuable lessons for future adaptation projects.
3. Pradeep Kurukulasuriya (Project Manager, UNDP/GEF) provided some context for the Coping with Drought and Climate Change Project. He highlighted that scientific expectations of climate change, through changes in temperature and precipitation, were becoming increasingly robust. In addition, economic impacts from climate change on the agriculture sector in Africa were also increasingly better understood through projects such as the GEF/World Bank/CEEPA Climate Change and Agriculture in Africa Project. The UNDP/GEF Coping with Drought and Climate Change project thus represented a practical response measure to a problem that was increasingly becoming more apparent.
4. Martin Krause (Task Manager, UNDP/GEF) provided an overview of the GEF adaptation funds. He highlighted that the Coping with Drought and Climate Change project is a “pilot/demonstration project” but includes policy and capacity level enhancements. He highlighted that the Adaptation Policy Framework (APF) would provide guidance during the project design phase. The Project Manager was requTested to make available the APF document to participants, especially the COs and the National Consultants. He also indicated that the lessons from this project would feed into the Adaptation Learning Mechanism that is also being developed simultaneously.
5. Martin Krause also highlighted that the most practical element of the project was the piloting of a range of adaptation measures. It was important therefore that decisions on the type of measures were country-driven (based on needs identified through NAPAs and other key documents (INCs, SNCs, etc), supported existing ongoing efforts, and that the measures selected received the necessary financial and other resource support. The project would also seek to improve early warning communication systems, improve drought preparedness and mitigation policies, and disseminate knowledge and experiences gained from the project. The success of the project required broad partnership arrangements and technical inputs as well as linkages to other programs. It was hoped that the participants at the inception meeting and Project Advisory Committee would provide the necessary support for the project.
6. Victor Simango (WMO) asserted
that the project would greatly benefit local communities and was timely.
He indicated that WMO was working towards enhancing Meteorological departments
and regional institutions such as the ICPAC. In addition, he noted that
UNDP & WMO had previously collaborated on a
number of initiatives such as Drought Monitoring Centers in Africa. He
highlighted that it was important to build on previous regional programs
and initiatives. He also suggested that there were potential synergies
with ongoing WMO initiatives and that these should be discussed further.
7. Mrs. Mutsa Chase (representative of the Government of Zimbabwe) highlighted the timeliness of the project, and both she and Nardos Bekele-Thomas expressed the need for coordinating with other ongoing initiatives that would complement the objectives of the Coping with Drought and Climate Change project.
8. It was suggested that UNDP focal points should be involved in ensuring linkages with other programs such as the Poverty-Environment Initiative. Abchir Mohammed (BCPR) suggested that governance issues need to be addressed. Jaime Comiche (UNDP CO Mozambique) indicated that linkages with the APF and country level dialogue was necessary.
9. The National Consultants of Kenya (Fredrick Karanja), Mozambique (Antonio Mavie) and Zimbabwe (Leonard Unganai) presented country reports that focused on: (a) adaptive capacity needs (what are current community level as well as institutional level capacities to adapt? What are the adaptation options in agriculture? What are the limitations to adapt? How can the project help? (b) identification of pilot sites (i.e. vulnerable regions); what are the country/region specific predictions for climate change? Which regions are vulnerable to climate change (on what basis)? What other issues (besides climate) affected vulnerability (national policies (or lack of), institutional constraints etc? What is known about adaptation? What are the priorities (including reference to the work undertaken on NAPA, INCs, SNCs etc.? What are some of the main adaptation strategies (local as well as regional, national)? What are the constraints to adaptation (farm/community level as well as national, regional etc) (c) assessment of early warning systems including are there climate projections for the country? how widely/often is this available? Is it useful? What are limitations?
10. Tim Boyle (UNDP/GEF Lead International Consultant) outlined the APF methodology that will be relied upon for the Adaptive Capacity Needs Assessment, Site Selection and identification of adaptation strategies.
11. It was stressed that the focus of the project (and funding) was on enhancing local communities to adapt to climate change, including climate variability. While government agency capacity needs should be defined, the project would not be in a position to fund these directly. Other sources of support would be necessary including funds that may avail itself through co-financing opportunities.
12. On the issue of adaptive capacity
needs assessment, critical questions to be answered include: what adaptation
measures are used by communities and what are the constraints (including
informational, technical and institutional) they face. Technical Paper
7 from the APF provides an overview of the indicators of adaptive capacity
that the National Consultants should familiarize themselves with and apply
during the preparatory
stages of the project.
13. In terms of site selection, the project would draw on the lessons that emerge from NAPAs, INCs and SNCs (if available) as an initial guide. It is important to focus on sites in regions that have a substantial impact on food security.
14. It was decided that the project would focus on regions that were moderately to high in vulnerability. The selection of priority areas should be based on (a) vulnerability; (b) adaptive capacity and (c) global significance in terms of land degradation.
15. Vulnerability to climate change should be determined by existing resources such as the GEF/World Bank/CEEPA Dataset, GEOSS reports, WMO vulnerability index, and other resources as available through FAO, Fewsnet, WFP and other local institutional structures that may exist (e.g. the Arid Lands Resource Management Project (Office of President) in Kenya, ENVAC in Mozambique, Food Security Coalition in Ethiopia, etc).
16. As far as possible, selection should be based on accepted scientific methodologies on vulnerability as outlined in the APF document as well as guidelines provided by the Coping with Drought Project Team.
17. The process of site selection
should first include identification of:
(a) regions that face drought
(b) criteria for selecting regions that have both high as well as low
capacity to cope with drought
(c) measures to address land degradation
The above should be ascertained through a desk review, and in depth consultations with key government, non- governmental, academic and international organizations currently working in each country on drought response strategies (see list of participants for key individuals to contact). This process should identify a narrower list of sites that should then be visited by the national consultants. A National Inception workshop and initial stakeholder consultations (scheduled during the 2nd (or latest 3rd) week of September 2005) should be held to sensitize communities of the project, identify adaptive capacity needs and validate site selection. A final decision regarding site selection and adaptation measures that will be funded through the project should be made during the second round of stakeholder consultations in October (see workplan for tentative schedule of these stakeholder consultations).
18. On the Monitoring and Evaluation Component, it was highlighted that the project requires both program as well as project outcome indicators. Other requirements would be discussed over the following months. In addition, co-financing needs to be secured from government institutions involved in the project as well as international and other partners (ie. donors). It was clarified that co-financing could be in the form of cash as well as in-kind. Existing ongoing programs that have objectives which are complementary to those of the Coping with Drought project can be used as co-financing. The national coordinators (Government representatives) were entrusted to lead initiatives in securing co-financing in each country. The UNDP/GEF Coping with Drought Project team has prepared a 2 page project summary document that can be used for this purpose when approaching potential donors (please request the Project Manager for this document).
19. Summary discussions on institutional
arrangements:
(a) government institutions involved in the PDF phase of the project,
through the National Coordinator) would lead specific tasks (as outlined
in the updated prodoc) including raising the necessary co- financing
(b) National partner institutes for the PDF B phase include:
i. Ministry of Agriculture –
Kenya
ii. NMSA – Ethiopia
iii. Ministry of Environment/Tourism
– Mozambique
iv. Department of Natural Resources
– Zimbabwe
During the PDF B phase, the national
institutes to host the project in each country will be identified based
on national level consultations involving key stakeholders.
(c) the National Consultant (contracted by UNOPS) will be guided by the
National Coordinator (within the National partner institutes) and UNDP
CO.
(d) UNOPS will be the executing agency for the PDF B phase. All matters
pertaining to contracts and payments will be handled by UNOPS.
Project Advisory Committee
(PAC) Meeting
20. Nardos Bekele- Thomas (Dep. Res Rep, UNDP CO- Kenya) chaired the PAC
meeting.
21. Tim Boyle highlighted the following
based on the main discussion points from the inception meeting
(a) the objective is to “develop and pilot a demonstration”
adaptation project
(b) adaptive capacity needs to be ascertained should be based on community
needs to access wider adaptation options
(c) both new adaptation options as well as improving existing strategies
would be considered
(d) both community level needs as well as institutional requirements (at
local, national and regional level) should be examined
(e) the process of identifying pilot sites should reflect key national
priorities viz-a-viz adaptation to climate change
(f) criteria for site selection should be specific to each country. The
Adaptation Policy Framework document should
be used as a guide
(g) for purposes of learning, communities faced with similar climates
but having varying levels of success with adaptation should be selected
(h) National coordinators (based within the government agencies assigned
to the PDF B phase will work, together with the UNDP CO, to oversee
the work of the National consultant.
This was followed by several presentations on relevant ongoing projects that should provide valuable lessons for the Coping with Drought Project to incorporate and build on.
DDC
Presentation - Eric Patrick
IRI
Presentation - James Hansen
GEF
Projects in East and Southern Africa - Alan Rodgers
IUCN/WISP
Project – Edmund Barrow
GEF/World
Bank/ CEEPA Climate, Agriculture and Africa Project - R. Hassan
ICRAF
Initiatives - S. Kandji
ICPAC
Initiatives - Laban Ogalla
WMO
Initiatives - Victor A. Simango/Penehuro Lefale
BCPR
Initiatives - Mohammed Abchir/Ken Westgate
Additional comments were provided on ongoing initiatives by FAO including Food insecurity Mapping Information Systems, Southern African Assessment Committee, Junior farmer fields schools in Mozambique and the Multi-sectoral Limpopo Basin Project (Graham Farmer), the Arid Lands Management Resources Program (Fatuma S. Abdikadir) and the Pungwe Project in Mozambique (Jaime Comiche). The National Consultants are encouraged to contact the above individuals to discuss ways in which synergies between these other ongoing initiatives and the Coping with Drought and Climate Change Project can be built on, where possible.
Other Recommendations
Verity Nyagah also commented that gender issues should be taken into account
in the selection/design of response mechanisms.
Both WMO and ICPAC, with links to regions centers of Meteorological information systems, expressed their willingness to advice on the challenges facing early warning.
Institutions represented at the PAC meeting should be invited formerly by the Task Manager (Martin Krause) to participate in the preparatory as well as implementation phase of the project.
Statistics Departments in each country should also be approached by the NCs for various relevant information that will be useful in determining adaptive capacity and vulnerability of regions.
The roles of UNDP CO, UNOPS, National Partner institutes with regards to project implementation during the PDF B phase in addition to the implementation stage needs to be clarified in the project document.
Nardos Bekele- Thomas declared that subject to changes being made to the project document based on the comments provided during the PAC, the PAC approved the Project Document.
The project manager agreed to forward the updated Prodoc to the participants along with the minutes. (Click here for updated prodoc and click here for the PDF B work plan)
Please send comments to Pradeep Kurukulasuriya, Project Manager, UNDP/GEF, Coping with Drought and Climate Change Project.
September 14, 2005. New York.