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UNDP Initiative for Sustainable Energy (UNISE)

This document was prepared by the Energy and Atmosphere Programme (EAP) in the Sustainable Energy and Environment Division, BPPS at UNDP in cooperation with other UNDP units and individuals in, and outside of, UNDP. This document has emerged from a process, beginning with a memorandum by Amulya Reddy, and involving contributions from many experts.

Table of Contents

    Summary

    I. Energy and Its Links to Major Issues

      1. Energy and Other Development Concerns
      2. Current Approaches Unsustainable


    II. New Technologies, New Possibilities

      1. Technologies to Improve End-Use Energy Efficiency
      2. Renewable Energy Technologies
      3. Technologies to Clean Up Conventional Fuels
      4. Can It Be Done?


    III. The UNDP Initiative for Sustainable Energy

      1. Building Indigenous Capacity
      2. Improving the Policy Environment
      3. "Leapfrogging" to New Technologies and Approaches
      4. National Energy Action Programmes


    IV. Implementing UNISE: From Approach to Action

      1. UNISE and the Successor Programming Arrangement
      2. International Co-operation
      3. UNDP's Own Offices


V. Conclusion: Energy as an Instrument for UNDP Priorities

      1. Energy and Poverty Eradication
      2. Creating Jobs
      3. Increasing Women's Role in Development
      4. Protecting the Environment


    Appendix: Energy and UNDP -- Lessons Learned

     


 

Illustrations


Figures

    1. Life Expectancy, Infant Mortality, and Literacy, as a Function of Commercial Energy Consumption Per Capita in 127 Countries

    2. The Energy System: From Primary Sources of Energy to Energy Services

    3. Overview of Air Quality in Twenty Megacities

    4. Excess Sulphur Deposition in Asia Above Critical Loads in a "Business-as-Usual Scenario

    5. Profiles of Anthropogenic Emissions of CO2 in Various Scenarios

    6. Energy Efficiency of Refrigerators

    7. Energy Intensities Over Time in Selected Countries

    8. Energy Requirements for Producing Iron and Steel with Alternative Technologies

    9. Projected Cost of Electricity from Coal and Biomass Using Modern Gasification and Advanced Gas Turbine Technology for Power Generation

    10. The Potential for Co-generation Using Sugar Cane Residues

    11. Costs Reductions per Unit of Output versus Cumulative Installed Capacity for Photovoltaics, Wind, and Gas Turbines Over Time

    12. Estimated Lifecycle Cost of Owning & Operating a Hydrogen Fuel-Cell-Powered Car

    13. Global Primary Energy Use for Alternative LESS Constructions

    14. Annual CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuels for Alternative LESS Constructions with Comparison to the IPCC IS92a-f Scenarios

    15. Primary Energy Use by Source for the Biomass-Intensive Variant of the LESS Constructions, World, Industrialised Countries, and Developing Countries

    16. Land Areas in Biomass Energy Plantations in Alternative LESS Constructions

    17. The Relationship Between Bottom-Up Energy Scenarios and Marginal Costs

    18. UN System Institutions with Energy Activities

Boxes

    1. UNDP's Overall Mission

    2. Energy Services

    3. Creating Jobs through Bioenergy Plantations in Brazil

    4. Decentralised Rural Electrification

    5. Highlights of the LESS Reference Cases (BI and NI Variants)

    6. The Relationship Between Bottom-Up Energy Scenarios and Marginal Costs

    7. Large Lenders Provide Loans to Small-Scale Energy Users

Sustainable Energy Topics

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