This manual is intended to assist UNDP managers and programme staff to support governments and civil society actors to organize a National Dialogue resulting in concrete action planning for strengthening the legal and social environment. This manual can also help the Country Dialogues being undertaken to inform the development of HIV concept notes and proposals for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. It provides case studies, tools and resources to guide the national process. It draws on experiences and lessons learned from the Global Commission on HIV and the Law as well as from a number of countries who have already convened a National Dialogue. Ultimately, this report provides a roadmap for following through on the Global Commission’s findings and recommendations.